Which two biomarkers are automatically included in every Precise Tumor report?

Which two biomarkers are automatically included in every Precise Tumor report?

• A. BRCA1 and BRCA2
• B. EGFR and KRAS
• C. p53 and PTEN
• D. MSI and TMB

Answer: (D)

In tumor profiling, two biomarkers are included in every Precise Tumor report because they provide broadly applicable, actionable information about how a tumor might respond to immunotherapy and what the overall mutational landscape looks like. Microsatellite instability reflects a deficiency in the DNA mismatch repair system; tumors with high instability tend to harbor many mutations and are more likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Tumor mutational burden measures the total number of mutations per megabase in the tumor genome; higher TMB often correlates with better responses to immunotherapy across various cancer types and helps inform prognosis and treatment decisions. Because these two metrics apply across many tumor types and have clear therapeutic implications, they’re automatically reported in every case. Other biomarkers like BRCA1/2, EGFR/KRAS, or p53/PTEN are important in specific contexts or cancers, but MSI and TMB provide universal, cross-cutting information that guides treatment options for a wide range of patients.

In tumor profiling, two biomarkers are included in every Precise Tumor report because they provide broadly applicable, actionable information about how a tumor might respond to immunotherapy and what the overall mutational landscape looks like. Microsatellite instability reflects a deficiency in the DNA mismatch repair system; tumors with high instability tend to harbor many mutations and are more likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Tumor mutational burden measures the total number of mutations per megabase in the tumor genome; higher TMB often correlates with better responses to immunotherapy across various cancer types and helps inform prognosis and treatment decisions. Because these two metrics apply across many tumor types and have clear therapeutic implications, they’re automatically reported in every case. Other biomarkers like BRCA1/2, EGFR/KRAS, or p53/PTEN are important in specific contexts or cancers, but MSI and TMB provide universal, cross-cutting information that guides treatment options for a wide range of patients.